Typewriter, calculating machine, and the like



April 1940- J. P. C'HALLORAN ET AL 2.199.291

TYPEWRITER, CALCULATING MACHINE, AND THE LIKE Filed March 24, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 April 1940- J. P. O'HALLORAN El AL 2,199,29

TYPEWRITER, CALCULATING MACHINE, AND THE LIKE Filed March 24, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 1940- J. P. O'HALLORAN El AL 2.199.29

TYPEWRITER, CAKLCULATING MACHINE, AND THE LIKE Filed March 24, 195 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 I April 30, 1940- J. P. O'HALLORAN ET AL I .1 9.29

TYPEWRITER, CALCULATING MACHINE, AND THE LIKE Filed March 24, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Apr. 30, 1940 I 2 199 2912:

UNIT mew oFFree TYPEWEITER?"GALCULATINGMACHINE a Joseph :Pa trick rzo Ha lloraniganda Alan 3': :Edward Crocker, London; England, assig nors to .Okopa v Carbon Paper-. l .EliminatoraLimitei "London" England I a ApplicationiiMarch 24, 1939;: Serial: No: --263;989 In ,LGrezLtBritaim Matchi26pl938tti- 'zclailfns, (Cl. 1975-153X". 1

In PatentNos 2,148.,21'ZzlSeriaLNQ. 2132,86?) is is supported the --usual:tr avelling carriage H car-a describedpnan, ...attachment :iforetypewriters; ca1'- rying. i the platen d 2.: u The machine includes the culatingmachines and ithe likezin which aniauxt, usualrtypewriter keys l:3, typebars l4, spools 15 v iliary inkrribbon is employeduin additionito the. for thezmainiribbon l6 and: ribbon tvibrator H."

.maininks ribbonMfor;thecpurpose of makingmanu,v One-40f .the"spoolswl5 is driven r-by a pawl-and 5 is original and one'or. .morecopieswithout .theiusew. ratchet mechanism (noteshowm in known man- 7 of carbon paper, the auxiliary, ribbon "being/care. nervto present-5afresh .-portion of the main ribbon I ried on a pairofspools, one, mounted; on the car-M at 'the'printing position after the typing of each a riage and theiother on .thetbody portioniof the character.: 1 I a a 0 typewriter, the carriage-carriedspool being actu. 'In order to equip .thejmachine with an auxiliary-10 ea atedgonoperation of the .linespacerleverto wind ribbon andthereby dispensewithitheuseeof carribbonthereon fromvtheiotherlspooltagainst; the bonupaper it is fitted with two additionalrspools actiompf :a spring associatedawith, said other. I8,-l'-9 -fo-r.theaauxiliary ribbon 20 whichv are atspool; j tached respectively to the -carriageandntQ the 5 Aneobjectof the invention is toprovide imbody of the machine, o.with guides-22 for theauxproved meansnfor avoiding. overstraining of thew iliary ribbon: and Withha paperseparatingpan spring-in an attachment. of thischaracter. x '24. The guidesa22 are'fixediby screws to the car- A further object of ,thexinvention is to enables: riage;1..wThe :spooltlfl :i's supported byaa bracket a relatively short .springrwto *bexused; to control .i 26 :secured to thexcarriage, :and the spool I9 is ,0 theieedof a long length of ribbon. .1. t supported, -by a bracket '21 attached-to the body my Another; object; of the invention-iis totpreventh: portion of theimachiner The-:topbar 29 of the damageyof the. spring due :to improperefittingt of paneuris attached ito the carriage by screws and the ;SpO0lS;,,r; a carries.fouriprojectingshield-members3| which With these andother; objects in view,.the.inext-enduaround theiplaten l2 insidethe paper ;5 venti on consists in thejfeatures. of construction, guide .32 (see. Figure 2) iand serve to :feed the hereinafter; more particu1ar1y..described,; which sheets-70f papento'theticorrect=position...i The for! are-claimed in theappendedaclaims; v ward end of each shield member 3| is thinned to One embodiment of the jinventiontwillndw hex-1a finei-edge at 33, the'seiedgesbeing located just described in detail,, by way of examplepwith.ref=:.,; behindathet-lower edge of the vauxiliary ribbon 20 1 0 erenceto the accompanying;drawings, in-which:,,,- when :theavparts areflassembledr v 3 M Figure 1 is a perspectiveview-pf accmventionalv In'korder) to makestwolcopies three sheets of a typewriter ,fittedwithan auxiliaryoribbon feed, paper a; b, ctareinserted into themachine at the mechanism,,--,constructed in accordance with, the 1 top; as indicated by Figure .2-,- and caused to travel invention; 7 ,roundito the printing. linebyturningthe platen ,5 Figure-2 is a sectionthrough theplatenof the ,;by.,meansi of .thelkn0b L34; As will-beseen,-the 5 typewriter, showing-how the ipaper sheetstare fed 4 pan:24l, diverts thextfrontt twocsheets into-position into the proper position relatively to-;the,main ,betweenetheztwdribbons,* whilelthe' rear sheet a and auxiliary ribbons; is ibroughttzfinto. ipositioninbehindsztheauxiliary Figure 3 is a perspective viewtof the separating: ribbonjuflflgz Anjoriginal timprintuof the matter :0 pan; f typedtwill then-.be mademn theiront surfaces. of 40 Figure 4is a sectional view through the mechathexsheetspa, c and: 0115171183 rearysurfaceo-f the nism. associated withthe right hand-spool; sheetijbz which ,shou1d;.:be[10f thin paper .sothat Figure 5 is a plan view of this mechanism with ,thei-ma'ttergityped I'OD. [it .cangrbe read :from;:the the cover removed; I front.i;If extra copies are required these may be 15 2 3 Figure 6 is a bottom plan view of: the mecha-; made. withcarbon paperwbetweenthesheetw and.

nism shown in Figure 4; theplatenin the o,rdinary;way.-,g, The transparent Figure 7 is atop plan view,-with the cover. resheetllcouldrubemmittedif desired, butuin t s movecbof the mechanism for actuating theleft caseiit is desirable :to introduce a shield, of Ce]- hand spool, and I I luoid or other convenient material behind-the 0 FigureB is a section along the line VIII?VIII sheet 0 to prevent its rear surface from receiving in Figure 'l an impri ntef-romythe:auxiliary. ribbon.

Like reference numerals indicate, like parts Therauxiliaryeribbonl is kept-under a tension:

throughout the drawings suifi'cien-t {to prevent it fromzsagging andxso iling f The typewriter-,,may\ beof any standard type thegpaperby-trneansof a spiralwspring fifi asso- 5 and comprises a; fixed body portion 10 on which ciated=-with-the, spooll9, no guide extendingalong .vanced by the pawl 42.

the printing line being necessary. The spring 35 is located in a box 2| fixed to the bracket 21 and having a cover 36. The outer end of the spring is fixed by means of a screw 23 to the box 2| and its inner end is turned over to engage a slot in a sleeve 28 which is rotatably mounted on at shaft 3'5.

The left hand spool I8 is carried on a spindle H which is rotated clockwise, as seen from above, on each actuation of the line space lever 38. This is effected by mechanism located in a box 39 having a cover 40, the box being attached to the bracket 26. On the spindle H is fixed a ratchet 4| which is driven at each actuation of the line space lever by a pawl 42 pivoted at 43 to a rocking lever 44, and held in contact with the ratchet by a spring 45. The rocking lever 44 is pivotally mounted on the spindle H and connected to the line space lever by a linkage consisting of links 46, 41, spindle i and links 52, 46. On actuation of the line space lever, the lever 44 is rocked clockwise, as seen from above, thereby rotating the ratchet 4| which is held by means of a check pawl 49 in the position to which it has been ad- O'n release of the line space lever, a spring 50 returns the rocking lever 44 to its original position, the ratchet 4| sliding over the teeth of the pawl 42 during this movement. The spool l8 carries a downwardly pro- .jecting'pin 16 which is engaged'by a laterally projecting pin 12 carried on the spindle H so that the spool will be caused to turn with the spindle. A spiral spring 10, the purpose of which is explained below, is disposed between the pin 12 Land the lower surface of the spool, and the spool is held in position with its pin 18 in the path of the pin 12 by means of a screw cap 69.

At each actuation of the line space lever, there,- fore, a portion of the auxiliary ribbon will be drawn over to the spool l8 from the spool IS.

The spool 19 is mounted on a spindle 53 carrying at its lower end a pinion 54. The spool l9 carries a downwardly projecting pin 19 which engages with a pin 16 projecting laterally from the spindle 53, so that the spindle will be caused to turn with the spool. The spool is held in position by means of a screw cap 11.

The pinion 54 meshes with a gear wheel 55 which is rotatably mounted on a spindle 56.

Fixed to the spindle 55 is a ratchet 51, with which co -operates a pawl 58 pivotally mounted on the gear wheel 55 and held in co-operation withthe ratchet by means of a spring 59. The unwinding of the ribbon from the spool I9 causes the spindle .53 to be turned in an anti-clockwise direction,

as seen from above, with the result that the gear wheel 55 is turned clockwise and consequently the ratchet 51 and spindle 56 are likewise turned clockwise. On the spindle 56 is fixed a pinion 6.5 meshing with a gear wheel 6| fixed to the'top of the sleeve 28, to which is connected the inner end of the spring 35. The action of unwinding the ribbon, therefore, causes the spring to become wound up. A pin 62 connects the gear wheel 6| 7 For each revolution of the shaft 31, the stop mem ber 66 is rotated by one tooth, it being held against further movement by contact of the periphery of the member 64 with the periphery of one of its own teeth. When the shaft 3'! has turned through four revolutions, the large tooth 68 will come into co-operation with the tooth 65, as shown in Figure 6, and will lock the shaft 3'! against further rotation, and thus prevent overstressing of the spring 35.

It will be appreciated that, owing to the interposition of the gearing between the sleeve 28 and the spindle 53, the spring 35 can be of quite short length and yet control a very long length of ribbon.

Normally the whole of the ribbon will be unwound from the spool l3 before the locking device, shown in Figure 6, comes into operation and this locking device is provided so as to act as a safeguard in case an extremely long ribbon were to be employed. When it is desired to return the ribbon to the spool IS, the cap 69 on the spindle II is unscrewed, when the spring automatically uncouples the spool 18 from the spindle H, whereupon the spring 35 will be free to turn the spindle 53 in clockwise direction, as seen from above, and rewind the ribbon. The spring 10 acts as a brake to prevent the rewinding from proceeding too rapidly and the rewinding action stops when the stop member 66 has rotated clockwise from the position shown in Fig. 6, into the position in which its large tooth 68 lies immediately above the tooth 65. This sets a limit to the unwinding of the spring, which is given an initial tension so that, even when it has unwound as far as it is allowed to by the locking device, it tensions the ribbon. The ribbon is thus prevented from vibrating or becoming slack throughout the whole of the rewinding operation. This initial tension in the spring will moreover ensure that the ribbon will be kept taut so as not to smudge the papers during the early portion of the feeding from the right to the left hand spool.

The pawl and ratchet connection between the gear wheel 55 and the spindle 56 acts as a safeguard against damage of the spring in case the spool 19 should inadvertently be placed on the spindle 53 the wrong way up. In this case the pawl 58 will simply click over. the teeth of the ratchet 55 and the spindle 56 will not be turned. The clicking noise will warn the operator that the spool is wrongly fitted.

It will be appreciated that the invention is applicable not only to typewriters, but also to calculating and like machines in which printing is effected-by means of typebars, and the expression typewriting machine in the appended claims is tobe read as including calculating machines and the like.

What we claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1'. A typewriting machine, comprising in combination a fixed body portion, main ribbon spoolreceiving spindles on the said body portion, auxiliary spool-receiving spindles, driving means for effecting intermittent rotation of one of the said" auxiliary spindles to Wind an auxiliary ribbon on to the spool carried thereon,-a spring coiled in a fiat spiral associated with the other auxiliary spindle for holding the auxiliary ribbon intension,-reduction gearing between said driven auxiliary spindle and the spiral spring, ratchet and pawl mechanism associated with said reduction gearing to prevent rotation of the driven auxiliary spindle in a direction to unwind the spiral spring, a device to prevent excessive rotation of 75 1 and means for releasably coupling the ribbon spool to the driving spindle to permit on release uninterrupted reverse feed of the auxiliary ribbon by the spiral spring. V p

2. A typewriting machine, comprising in combination a fixed body portion, a paper carriage slidab-le in the body portion, main spindles on the body portion for receivingthe main ribbon spools, auxiliary spindles for receiving auxiliary ribbon spools, one of said auxiliary spindles being mounted on the carriage while the other is mounted on the body portion, line space mechanism, driving means associated with the line space mechanism for intermittently rotating the carriage-carried auxiliary spindleto wind the auxiliary ribbon on to the spool carried thereon,

a spring coiled in a flat spiral associatedwith the other auxiliary spindle for holding the auxiliary ribbon in tension, reduction gearing between'said driven auxiliary spindle and the spiral spring, ratchet and pawl'mechanism associated with the said reduction gearingto prevent rotation of the driven auxiliaryspindle in a direction to unwind the spiral spring, a device to prevent excessive rotation of the driven auxiliary spindle in either direction and 'means for releasably coupling the ribbon spool to the driven auxiliary spindle to permit, on release of said coupling, uninterrupted reversefeed of the auxiliary ribbon by thespiral spring.

- JOSEPH PATRICK OHALLORAN.

ALAN EDWARD CROCKE'R. 

